三倍体毛白杨低硬度NaOH-AQ浆全无氯漂白的研究

通过实验探讨了三倍体毛白杨低硬度NaOH-AQ浆（卡伯值13．5，粘度851mL／g。白度37％，ISO）H2O2强化氧脱木质素（QOP）的工艺务件，在此基础上提出了QOP、QP全无氯漂白的漂序，此漂序可以把该纸浆漂至82．0％（ISO），粘度保持在716mL／g，漂后纸浆得率91．78％，而且该漂序可操作性强，是一种适合低硬度NaOH-AQ浆的全无氯漂白新工艺。     

海南岛热带森林生物多样性研究进展

生物多样性是生态学研究中一个重要的领域,海南岛热带林有很高的生物多样性。阐述海南岛热带林生物多样性的意义和研究进展,介绍海南岛热带林物种多样性、遗传多样性、生态系统多样性和景观多样性特点,结合生物多样性锐减的现状提出了相应的保护建议。     

The contribution of root respiration of<Emphasis Type="Italic">Pinus koraiensis</Emphasis> seedlings to total soil respiration under elevated CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> concentrations

The impacts of elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentrations (500 μmol·mol⁻¹ and 700 μmol·mol⁻¹) on total soil respiration and the contribution of root respiration ofPinus koraiensis seedlings were investigated from May to October in 2003 at the Research Station of Changbai Mountain Forest Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jilin Province, China. After four growing seasons in top-open chambers exposed to elevated CO₂, the total soil respiration and roots respiration ofPinus koraiensis seedlings were measured by a Li-6400-09 soil CO₂ flux chamber. Three PVC cylinders in each chamber were inserted about 30 cm into the soil instantaneously to terminate the supply of current photosynthates from the tree canopy to roots for separating the root respiration from total soil respiration. Soil respirations both inside and outside of the cylinders were measured on June 16, August 20 and October 8, respectively. The results indicated that: there was a marked diurnal change in air temperature and soil temperature at depth of 5 cm on June 16, the maximum of soil temperature at depth of 5 cm lagged behind that of air temperature, no differences in temperature between treatments were found (P>0.05). The total soil respiration and soil respiration with roots severed showed strong diurnal and seasonal patterns. There was marked difference in total soil respiration and soil respiration with roots severed between treatments (P<0.01); Mean total soil respiration and contribution of root under different treatments were 3.26, 4.78 and 1.47 μmol·m⁻²·s⁻¹, 11.5%, 43.1% and 27.9% on June 16, August 20 and October 8, respectively. Foundation item: This study was supported by the Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX1-SW-01) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30070158). Biography: LIU Ying (1976-), female, Ph. D. Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China. Responsible editor: Song Funan     

紫红短须螨生物学特性初步观察

利用紫红短须螨（Brevipalpus phoenicis)控制薇甘菊，是生物控制杂草的一种新方法，文章着重介绍了紫红短须螨的生物学特性及形态特征。卵椭圆形。卵椭圆形，长约0.10mm，宽约0.07mm。红色，多单产在植物茎叶的裂缝或凹陷处，或叶片背面的主脉两边，成块成串堆聚在一起，幼螨桔红色，长约0.17mm，宽约0.11mm。若螨2龄，背上有黑色斑纹，雌成螨长约0.30mm，宽约0.16mm，身体椭圆形，扁平，多桔红色。背上有一个“H”形标记，紫红短须螨1年6-8代，世代重迭，从孵发育到成虫，恒温30℃为18.6d,20℃为48.8d。当湿度低于30%，平均温度高于30℃或者低于20℃时，紫红短须螨不能完成生活史，室内11.0-28.5℃的自然变温，湿度58%-97%条件下，紫红短须螨发育完成一个世代为28-55d。     

淹水程度对滩地枫杨木材化学性质的影响

通过研究淹水程度对滩地枫杨木材化学性质的影响 ,以期全面了解滩地主要造林树种的化学性质 ,提出合理的定向培育技术及进一步综合利用措施 .研究结果表明 :滩地枫杨木材的 p H值均小于 6.5 ,属于酸性木材 ,第一、二组木材的 p H值分别为 5 .41和 5 .0 0 ,在 0 .0 5水平上差异显著 .除碱性缓冲容量外 ,第二组木材的酸性缓冲容量、总缓冲容量以及每降低 1p H值消耗的 HC1量均比第一组高 .淹水程度对滩地枫杨木材纤素含量几乎无影响 ,其值均为 45 .2 %左右 ;但第一、二组的半纤维素分别为 14 .0 4%和19.5 0 % ,增加了 3 8.9% ;第一、二组的木质素含量分别为 19.9%和 2 0 .6% ,增加了 3 .5 % .     

浑河源地区野生动物资源调查研究

经过近10a的调查研究，基本查清了浑河源地区野生动物资源的种类构成。文章分析了其种群数量变化趋势，提出了该地区野生动物资源保护和利用建议，并对固定样地调查技术在野生动物资源调查中的应用进行了探讨。     

湘中丘陵区"长防林"生态效益研究初报

通过对湘中丘陵区长江防护林生态效益的定位观测，分别对小流域小气候、坡面产流量、产沙量及输沙率的分析、对林地最大涵水能力及保土效果进行了探讨。     

全自动纸浆模塑餐具生产线气动系统设计

介绍了全自动纸浆模塑生产线的生产工艺过程，采用信号一动作状态线图法对气动系统进行设计，并描述了纸浆模塑生产线气动系统的工作过程及系统组成。     

厦门市行道绿化树种凤凰木的调查研究

本文研究了厦门市行道绿化树凤凰木的生长状况，并拟合了树高（H）与年龄（Y）的最优模型，H＝（－35．652＋9．003Y）／Y，胸径D1，3）与年龄（Y）的最优模型：D1，3＝（－316．647＋48．462Y）／Y。结果表明，凤凰木行道绿化树在夏季具有降温增湿的小气候效应，凤凰木对台风的抗逆性强而且抗病虫害。     

太平湖水库防浪墙裂缝成因及防治措施探讨

本文分析了太平湖水库防浪墙上的裂缝成因，如混凝土干缩、防浪墙基础对墙身的约束作用等，并提出了避免防浪墙开裂的工程措施。